Overview
Ch is a Brazilian genre rooted in improvisation, intricate melodies, and lively ensemble interplay. Often performed by small groups, it blends European dance forms with African native Brazilian influences resulting in music is graceful, playful, and technically virtuosic.
History
Emerging in the late19th century in Rio de Janeiro, choro developed from a fusion of polka, wz, maxixe, and modinha traditions It evolved through the early 20th century with a strong culture of street performances and café gatherings, solidifying a repertoire of instrumental tunes and showcasing the skill of dedicated players. Over the decades, choro adapted while preserving its core emphasis on melodic, collective timing and improvisational dialogue.
Core
- melodic improvisation within established tunes
- agile counterpoint and call-response
- sophisticated harmonic progress and chromatic voice-leading
- rhythmic drive that blends swing-like feel with dance-inspired tempos
Instrumentation
- mand (bandolim)
- flute (lauta) or clarinet
- guitarviol)
- cavaquinho
- piano
- percussion such as pandeiro tamborim
Ensembles vary from intimate trios to larger quintets, but the conversational spirit instruments remains constant## Forms and Repertoire
Choro tunes are typically composed as fixed melodies with sections that invite improvisation. Common tempos include fast polkas, waltzes, and max, all performed a light, jaunty character. Standards and traditional tunes form a rich, enduring repertoire that players reinterpret in live performance.
Not Artists
-inguinha
- Jacob do Bandolim
- Chiquinha Gonzaga
- Waldir Azevedo
- Altamiro Carrilho
- Baden Powell (contributor to choro-influ guitar repertoire)
How to Listen
- Explore curatedoro playlists on streaming platforms
- Seek albums live recordings from key artists- Attend live performances when possible to experience the interactive spirit of the genre
- Look for educational videos or liner notes that tune andational approach